As creators of stories, be they novels or graphic novels or comics, we all have heard the adage “write what you know”. It's been drummed into our minds to the point that its cold fingers have our impostor syndrome in a deathgrip every time we venture our to write what we can't possibly know: fantasy, sci fi, historical, or plain incorporating characters different from who we are or who we know.
And I'm going to say the adage is correct.
But not in that way!
You're supposed to write what you know, because you're supposed to know it before you write about it. That's all there is to it. And knowing about it means doing the work. Doing the research. If what you want to write about isn't properly researched, then you run the risk of losing the audience that DOES know about what you're writing or, even worse, insult them because you've used awkward stereotyping to represent them or what they love or what they do.
I remember cringing in advance every time I heard a movie coming out from Hollywood, featuring Greeks or psychologists. Fortunately I'm not aware of any that features both. Not because I wouldn't love to see that on the big screen, but because 99% of the times my cultural and ethnic identity was abused and/or simply not understood. You could tell the writers of the movie script had never bothered to talk to a Greek person, let alone visit Greece to watch how Greek people are and interact.
For the shrinks, with a few shining outliers in terms of movies, I could see that the script writers had never had a session in their lives, knew nothing about what it means to be a professional in the mental health field, and relied on stereotypes to represent a profession that's incredibly diverse as a one-tone monolith. (Looking at you, Lethal Weapon, among others).
Sometimes though, there's a lot of laughter to be had (the Greek spoken in Xena, the Warrior Princess is the stuff of memes, and there are mega compilations that have Greek speakers in stitches), and I'm thankful for it! Making someone laugh with true mirth is a blessing.
I believe this isn't a result of the writers hating Greeks or shrinks (or any other group that's misrepresented thus). It's just that they didn't do their research. Or if they did, it was so superficial that actual understanding of the material just wasn't there.
This doesn't mean that good research means that everything everywhere must ALWAYS be accurate. One of the best representations of modern Greeks in comics can be found in Asterix at the Olympic Games! You could tell that Goscinny and Uderzo had either been to Greece or spoken to actual Greeks and interacted with them enough, learned from them enough, to be able to organically write the Greek characters in a way that is funny, modern in attitudes, and historical where it counts.
This is not the most representative page of what I describe, but it's the best I could find.
Doing the proper research only guarantees that you will know your stuff when it comes to what you want to write about. How you write about it or how you use it, is up to you.
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Lack of Research
Tantz_Aerine at 12:00AM, April 12, 2025
6 likes!


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PaulEberhardt at 11:46AM, April 12, 2025
Sometimes, research can get in the way, though. It's easy to get lost in details or being too afraid of misrepresentations. Over the years, I came to appreciate the "write first, then see if you knew anything and refine if you absolutely think you have to" approach more and more, even if I personally feel most comfortable writing about what I think I know very well.
PaulEberhardt at 11:44AM, April 12, 2025
Goscinny and Uderzo did their research all right. They were quite meticulous about it and would discuss their results over a few drinks while brainstorming for the next comic before even writing anything down or drawing a line. At least if their own account of their working process wasn't too embellished, that is. Be it as it may, these guys certainly had a keen eye for all those little details. I like their visit to the Goths (i.e. Germany) too, as it includes just the right balance of teasing and observation to come across as great fun for everyone.
dragonsong12 at 8:31AM, April 12, 2025
I suppose it's worth acknowledging that Hollywood doesn't even depict Hollywood accurately, so there's little hope for anything from them, really. XD (Don't get me started on DC) That said, I'm definitely guilty of it as well. Just too caught up in my own head, I guess.
bravo1102 at 4:07AM, April 12, 2025
Great thing about science fiction or fantasy is that you really can just make what you know all up. But you have to write what you know about your world. And it has to have its own internal logic. Some writers miss that when writing about real life stuff because they've never been there or talked in detail about the experience of being there. And others get it. There was book that had a tank crewman character complaining about when the tools were stowed and saying it should be changed. On the real vehicle it was because of crew complaints but it was just so natural and a detail that made it all the more real.
usedbooks at 3:43AM, April 12, 2025
I once worked with a young former marine who built and repaired firearms, and it was truly enlightening to talk with him about all the things action movies get wrong when portraying weapons.
usedbooks at 3:39AM, April 12, 2025
Also, don't write EVERYTHING you know. My uncle wrote a book and let a few people look at the drafts. He used technical jargon from his life experience (maybe accidentally, maybe to show off?), but that just loses the audience. And one of the worst scenes I ever read was a swordfight that went on for pages and described every move in technical detail like it was a manual. Don't do that. You should know MORE than you write and write LESS than you know. Unless you are writing for an audience comprised solely of nerdy specialists or are writing a scientific/scholarly paper rather than a story.